Imaging of Pericardial Diseases

Given the widespread use of cross-sectional imaging modalities, specifically multidetector computed tomography and magnetic resonance, to evaluate thoracic disease, the pericardium is frequently imaged. Knowledge of the normal appearance and anatomical boundaries is vital for radiologists to avoid confusion with more sinister pathology. A variety of disorders and diseases of the pericardium can bring a patient to clinical attention from inflammatory conditions, resulting in pericarditis and pericardial effusion, to malignancy. This article discusses the anatomy and conditions that affect the pericardium, emphasizing the role imaging plays in diagnosis and management.