Diagnostic imaging in the diagnosis of small bowel Crohn's Disease – A literature review

Crohn's Disease can be imaged using Barium sulphate studies, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computerised tomography and nuclear medicine. However, the radiological pathway used for the diagnosis and management of this disease can vary from hospital to hospital. By evaluating the literature a broad picture can be developed regarding the sensitivity and specificity of each modality. It is often the case that the sensitivity and specificity of a modality can change due to the level of skill of the operator. Barium sulphate studies are still considered to be the recognised route for diagnosing Crohn's Disease, but it is apparent that newer studies are concerned with trying to find a more patient tolerant, less invasive method of radiological diagnosis. It is also important to consider when evaluating a pathway, the availability of each modality within each individual hospital setting.