Article ID Journal Published Year Pages File Type
2742235 Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 2016 7 Pages PDF
Abstract

Cardiac output measurement is used to guide fluid and inotropic drug therapy. Techniques employ modelling of the circulation to derive estimates of cardiac output from readily measured variables, including thermodilution, analysis of arterial pressure waveforms, Doppler measurements of blood flow velocity, and electrical bioimpedance.

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