Normalization method for evaluating J-resistance curves of small-sized CIET specimen and crack front constraints

Based on dimensionless load separation principle, the normalization method for estimating J-resistance curves of CIET specimen for ductile materials has been developed. Experiments of ductile crack growth resistance on a typical pressure vessel steel SA-508 are conducted by using CT, SEB and CIET specimens. The resulted J-resistance curves show outstanding influence by load configuration and specimen dimensions. J-Q-M and J-A2-M approaches are introduced to quantify the crack front constraint of the three types of specimens. According to finite element analyses (FEA) under plane strain and 3D conditions, the distance-independent constraint parameters are calibrated by matching the FEA results with the J-Q-M and J-A2-M solutions using weight average method. The analyses show that the parameters of Q and A2 are load-independent under plane strain condition, but under 3D condition, the J-A2-M approach is incapable of characterizing the stress and deformation fields ahead of crack front of CIET specimen for SA-508 steel, and the parameter Q   is no longer load-independent. Because of different crack front constraint, the CIET specimen with B=10B=10 mm, a0=5.8a0=5.8 mm gets the lowest fracture resistance while the SEB specimen with B=20B=20 mm, a0=11a0=11 mm and the CT specimen with B=15 mm, a0=29a0=29 mm obtain the highest fracture resistance for SA-508 steel. The size requirements of J-Q-M dominance for each used CIET, CT and SEB specimens are got. Finally, the constraint-modified J-resistance curves of SA-508 steel based on J-Q-M approach are constructed to predict the crack growth resistance for any fracture specimens or actual flawed structures.