Pautas de prescripción de nutrición parenteral

The safety and efficacy of parenteral administration of nutrients to humans was first described in 1968. Since then, there have been numerous advances in administration techniques, as well as in the composition and preparation of intravenous nutrient mixtures; these advances have increased the safety of the administration of parenteral nutrition (PN). Nevertheless, this treatment modality remains an artificial feeding technique that can give rise to numerous complications of varying severity. Therefore, appropriate selection of those patients who will derive a true benefit from PN is essential. This review analyzes the indications and types of PN, along with the main characteristics of macro- and micronutrients, the quantity of energy and water, preparation and administration methods, and the possibility of associating other intravenous drugs. The individualized prescription of PN, according to current recommendations established by scientific societies, helps to improve the safety and effectiveness of this nutritional therapy.