Repeat traumatic brain injury in the developing brain

The Center for Disease Control estimates that there are 1.7 million brain injuries in the US each year with 51% of these injuries occurring during periods of cerebral development. Among this population there is a growing population of individuals with repeat traumatic brain injury (RTBI). While the exact incidence is unknown, estimates range from 5.6 to 36% of the TBI population. This review summarizes the clinical problems/challenges and experimental research models that currently exist. It is intended to reveal the critical areas that need to be addressed so that age-relevant clinical management guidelines can be established to protect this population.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image ( K)Download as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Incidence of repeat traumatic brain injury. ► Clinical considerations for pediatric repeat traumatic brain injury. ► Experimental models of developmental repeat traumatic brain injury.