| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2800675 | General and Comparative Endocrinology | 2012 | 10 Pages |
This study aimed at investigating the role of sexual steroids in the regulation of the expression of the single aromatase gene and steroid receptor subtypes in the brain–pituitary–ovarian axis of the Japanese eel. Unlike other teleosts, which possess duplicated genes for aromatase, cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b, expressed in the gonads and in the brain, respectively, eel species possess a single cyp19a1. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that eel brain/gonadal cyp19a1 branches at the basis of both teleost gonadal cyp19a1a and brain cyp19a1b clades. Female eels treated with catfish pituitary homogenate (CPH) to induce sexual maturation showed an increase in the expression of cyp19a1 and aromatase enzymatic activity in the brain and in the ovaries. Treatments with sex steroids (estradiol-17β, E2 or testosterone, T) revealed that the increase in cyp19a1 expression in the brain may result from E2-specific induction. In contrast, the increase in cyp19a1 expression in the ovaries of CPH-treated eels is a result of steroid-independent control, probably from a direct effect of gonadotropins contained in the pituitary extract. Analysis of the expression of estrogen and androgen receptor subtypes, esr-α, esr-β, ar-α and ar-β, in eels treated with CPH or sex steroids revealed differential regulations. In CPH-treated eels, the expression of esr-α and ar-α was significantly increased in the brain, while the expression of ar-α and ar-β was increased in the ovaries. No change was observed in esr-β in any organ. Steroid treatments induced an upregulation by E2 of esr-α, but not esr-β expression, in the brain, pituitary and ovaries, while no autoregulation by T of its own receptors could be observed. These results reveal both steroid-dependent and -independent mechanisms in the regulation of cyp19a1 and steroid receptor subtype expression in the eel.
► The eel (Anguilla species) possesses a single cyp19a1 expressed in both the brain and gonads. ► The expression of cyp19a1 is increased in both the brain and ovaries in experimentally matured eels. ► Estradiol specifically increases brain cyp19a1 expression in the eel. ► The regulation of eel cyp19α1 expression in the ovaries is steroid-independent. ► Estradiol up-regulates the expression of its receptor subtype esr-α, but not esr-β, in the eel brain, pituitary and ovaries.
