Hemorragia durante la cesárea: factores de riesgo

ResumenObjetivosDefinir los factores que influyen en la producción de anemia poscesárea.Material y métodosSeiscientas veintiocho pacientes asistidas en el Servicio de Obstetricia del Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada (España) sometidas a una cesárea durante 1 año, analizando las características sociodemográficas y los diferentes factores que pueden influir en la producción de anemia. Se calcula la incidencia de anemia y la necesidad de transfusión postintervención.ResultadosEl 80% de las pacientes tiene anemia poscesárea, y la pérdida es inferior a 2 g/dl. La multiparidad, cesárea previa, edad gestacional menor a 30 semanas y cesárea urgente se asocia con mayores tasas de anemia, sin diferencias significativas en cuanto a antecedentes como preeclampsia previa o tipo de anestesia empleada. La técnica de Misgav-Ladach disminuye dicha pérdida.ConclusionesEn nuestro estudio, la multiparidad y la cesárea de urgencia se asocian con mayores tasas de anemia.

ObjectivesTo identify the factors influencing blood loss after cesarean section.Material and methodsA total of 628 patients who underwent a cesarean section during a 1-year period at the Obstetrics Service of the University Hospital of San Cecilio in Granada (Spain) were studied. The patients’ socio-demographic characteristics and the distinct factors that could be related to blood loss were analyzed. The incidence of anemia and the need for postsurgical transfusion were calculated.ResultsPostcesarean anemia was found in 80% of the patients, but with a loss below 2 g/dl. The factors associated with a higher rate of blood loss were multiparity, previous cesarean section, gestational age <30 weeks and urgent cesarean section. No significant differences were found with regard to a history of preeclampsia or the type of anesthesia used. The Misgav-Ladach technique for cesarean section reduced blood loss.ConclusionsIn our study, multiparity and urgent cesarean section were associated with a higher rate of anemia