Complicaciones del embarazo gemelar monocorial: claves para el diagnóstico y tratamiento

Monochorionic twin pregnancy (MC) occurs in one in 250 pregnancies and represents a significant proportion of perinatal morbidity and mortality in twin pregnancies, and in general. The optimal management of MC is based on two fundamental aspects: early classification of chorionicity and close monitoring. The differential diagnosis of the complications of MC is still a challenge to the fetal medicine specialist. This is due to the frequent overlap of clinical signs and the complex relationships between the potential complications. However, the differential diagnosis and subsequent decisions are based on relatively simple rules. While some cases can be really complicated, clinical experience shows that in most cases proper classification and management can be achieved through the consistent use of simple concepts. This review provides an overview that allows a comprehensive understanding of MC twin pregnancies, the typical complications and the key concepts that allow an appropriate differential diagnosis and specific management.