Réflexes autonomiques cardiovasculaires dans le syndrome de tachycardie orthostatique idiopathique

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a badly known pathology because its diagnosis is not based on the conventional methods of investigation. The orthostatic test allows to make the diagnosis easily. The objective of this study is to determine cardiovascular autonomic reflexes of 70 patients having POTS. The tests of exploration of the autonomic nervous system practised are: deep breathing, hand grip, mental stress and orthostatic test. The analysis of orthostatic test showed that the increase of the cardiac frequency, relative to the state of “β” peripheral sympathetic hyperactivity occurred before the 2nd minute in 80% of patients. The POTS was considered “florid” in 43% of patients and had complicated of a rough and severe fall of systolic blood pressure inferior to 70 mmHg in four patients, after the fifth minute of the test. The analysis of the different tests had shown vagale hyperactivity in 63% of patients on deep breathing, in 93% of patients on hand grip and in 100% on orthostatic test. The “α” central sympathetic activity was increased in 76% of the cases and “β” central sympathetic activity was high in 83% of cases. The “α” peripheral hyperactivity was observed in 63% of patients on hand grip, and in 44% on orthostatic test. The analysis of cardiovascular autonomic reflexes on patients affected by POTS allowing the determination of their autonomic profile, will contribute probably to a better understanding of this pathology and to a better orientation of its care.