Primary Paratracheal Leiomyoma: Increased Preoperative Diagnostic Specificity With Magnetic Resonance Imaging

We report the case of a 47-year-old woman whose primary mediastinal leiomyoma was incidentally found during evaluation of her persistent cough. The preoperative diagnosis of mediastinal leiomyoma is challenging because of its rarity and indeterminate features on chest radiography, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography-CT. We highlight how magnetic resonance imaging can substantially contribute to mediastinal mass characterization and diagnostic specificity.