Is Restrictive Atrial Septal Defect a Risk in Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage Repair?

Late outcomes after repair of PAPVD are excellent. The subgroup that requires creation or superior enlargement of an ASD in repair of a right PAPVD is at a higher risk of late PVS and a subsequent increase in PVS-related reoperation. The presence of restrictive ASD did not increase SVCS, sinus node, or atrial conduction dysfunction.