Chronic Renal Insufficiency and Risk of Early Mortality in Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy

We compared early outcome after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients (n = 857 with 1,011 CEA interventions) with and without chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). Two groups were compared: a group with normal renal function (n = 909) and a group with CRI (creatinine ≥1.5 mg/dL and clearance of ≤ 30 mL/min, as well as dialysis and transplant patients, n = 102). Mean age was significantly higher in CRI patients (71.22 vs. 68.33 years, p = 0.001). The incidence of smokers was 53.9% in the non-CRI group vs. 39.2% in CRI patients (p = 0.005). Hypertension (88.2% vs. 75.1, p = 0.003) and cardiac disease (58.8% vs. 47.4%, p = 0.029) were more common in the CRI group. The perioperative mortality rate was significantly higher in CRI patients (3.9% vs. 1.0%, p = 0.013). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between CRI and 30-day death rate (odds ratio = 3.76, p = 0.032). In this series, CRI patients presented an increased mortality. The mortality risk may be related to the increased rates of preoperative hypertension and coronary disease and perioperative myocardial infarction. A more reserved attitude seems indicated in planning CEA for patients with renal dysfunction in combination with a history of coronary artery disease.