Cellular electrophysiologic and mechanical evidence of superior vascular protection in pulmonary microcirculation by Perfadex compared with Celsior

ObjectivePulmonary endothelial function is critical in posttransplant lung performance. Hyperkalemic organ preservation solutions alter vascular endothelial function through the non-nitric oxide and non-prostacyclin pathway, but the most frequently used lung preservation solutions, Perfadex (Vitrolife Sweden, Kungsbacka, Sweden) (K+ 6 mmol/L) and Celsior (IMTIX SangStat Company, Lyon, France) (K+ 15 mmol/L), have not been evaluated on pulmonary endothelial protection. We compared the non-nitric oxide and non-prostacyclin–mediated endothelial function in porcine pulmonary microarteries of lung preserved by Perfadex or Celsior solution at 4°C for 4 hours.MethodsThe non-nitric oxide and non-prostacyclin–mediated endothelial function was determined by measuring the membrane potential in a single pulmonary smooth muscle cell (group II, n = 6) and bradykinin-induced relaxation (group I, n = 8) in pulmonary microarteries preserved in Krebs (a, control), Perfadex (b), or Celsior (c), with inhibitors of nitric oxide and prostacyclin.ResultsMembrane potential hyperpolarization decreased in IIc (4.5 ± 0.2 mV, P < .05) but was preserved (P > .05) in IIa (6.6 ± 0.1 mV) and IIb (6.3 ± 0.3 mV). Resting membrane potential was depolarized in IIc (–42.8 ± 1.3 mV) compared with IIa (–58.7 ± 0.6 mV) and IIb (–56.7 ± 0.9 mV) (P < .05). Hyperpolarization-associated relaxation (37.3% ± 7.2% vs 59.7% ± 7.7%) and sensitivity (EC50) (–7.29 ± 0.13 vs –7.75 ± 0.06 log M) to bradykinin significantly (P < .05) decreased in Ic but not in Ia and Ib.ConclusionThis in vitro study simulating clinical conditions demonstrates that Perfadex preserves endothelium-dependent smooth muscle relaxation and hyperpolarization better than Celsior solution in regard to the electrophysiologic and mechanical properties observed at cellular and vascular levels. This study provides a new method at the level of basic science to evaluate the solutions for heart/lung preservation.