| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3001770 | Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases | 2016 | 7 Pages |
•Examination of a novel combination of 5 healthy lifestyle factors and inflammation.•Association with inflammation was stronger for combined than for single behaviors.•Participants with chronic conditions and healthy lifestyles had lower inflammation.•Holistic behavioral strategies may be more advantageous than single modifications.
Background and aimsThe relationship between multiple lifestyle components analyzed in combination and inflammation remains understudied. We aimed to assess the association between a Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS) that includes adherence to five behavioral components (diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviors, smoking, social support and network, and sleep) and inflammatory markers, as well as the role of the HLS in inflammation among individuals with cardiometabolic conditions, in Puerto Rican adults.Methods and resultsIn a cross-sectional study of 842 Puerto Ricans adults (aged 45–75 y) living in Boston, MA, the HLS (range = 0–190; maximum indicative of healthiest adherence) was analyzed for association with three inflammatory markers: interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP). In multivariable-adjusted models, the HLS was inversely associated with IL-6 (β ± SE = −0.55 ± 0.13; P < 0.001) and TNF-α (−0.39 ± 0.13; P = 0.004). The dietary and smoking components were associated with both inflammatory markers independently of the other HLS components. Significant inverse associations were observed for each 20-unit increase in HLS and IL-6 and TNF-α for participants with hypertension (n = 600; β ± SE = −0.58 ± 0.16; −0.46 ± 0.16, respectively) and with overweight/obesity (n = 743; β ± SE = −0.59 ± 0.13; −0.50 ± 0.14, respectively), but not for those with diabetes (n = 187) or heart disease (n = 192). The HLS was not associated with CRP, after adjustment for potential confounders.ConclusionHigher adherence to multiple lifestyle behaviors was associated with lower concentrations of inflammatory markers. Because low-grade inflammation may precede chronic diseases, following an overall healthy lifestyle may help lower risk of these diseases.
