| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 302457 | Renewable Energy | 2009 | 4 Pages |
Abstract
Production of fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) from oleic acid (FFA) with short-chain alcohols (ethanol, propanol, and butanol) under ultrasonic irradiation was investigated in this work. Batch esterification of oleic acid was carried out to study the effect of: test temperatures of 10–60 °C, molar ratios of alcohol to oleic acid of 1:1–10:1, quantity of catalysts of 0.5–10% (wt of sulfuric acid/wt of oleic acid) and irradiation times of 10 h. The optimum condition for the esterification process was molar ratio of alcohol to oleic acid at 3:1 with 5 wt% of H2SO4 at 60 °C with an irradiation time of 2 h.
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Authors
Hoang Duc Hanh, Nguyen The Dong, Kenji Okitsu, Rokuro Nishimura, Yasuaki Maeda,