Incidence, risk factors and clinical features of venous thromboembolism in newly diagnosed lymphoma patients: Results from a prospective cohort study with Asian population

IntroductionVenous thromboembolism (VTE) may be associated with treatment failure rate and quality of life deterioration in lymphoma patients. However, the majority of data regarding VTE has come from retrospective studies done in Western countries.Materials and methodsWe analyzed VTE, including pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis, from Asian patients enrolled a prospective cohort study. All patients were newly diagnosed Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).ResultsA total of 686 patients were analyzed, and the median follow-up duration was 21.8 months. There were 54 cases of VTE including deep vein thrombosis alone (33/54, 61.1%) and pulmonary embolism (21/54, 38.9%). The median time to VTE was 1.97 months, and the one-year actuarial incidence was 7.9%. The global incidence of VTE was higher in patients with NHL (51/641, 8.0%) than HL (3/45, 6.7%). All cases of VTE occurred in patients receiving chemotherapy whereas no VTE in patients without chemotherapy. VTE was also independently associated with age older than 60 years and primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. No VTE-related deaths were reported among all cases of VTE. Thus, overall survival was not different between patients with and without VTE. The subgroup analysis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma showed 8.9% of one-year actuarial incidence, but the occurrence of VTE did not influence its overall survival, either.ConclusionsThe incidence of VTE in our study population was comparable to that of Western countries, and VTE was associated with chemotherapy, brain involvement and old age.