Transverse myelitis and polymyositis associated with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) has been widely recognized to be associated with various neurological complications. In addition to the classical notion of APS as a thrombotic disorder, APS has been suggested to be an autoinflammatory disease as well. We present a previously healthy 46-year-old man who concurrently developed transverse myelitis and polymyositis whose laboratory studies were significant for the elevated antiphospholipid antibodies such as anti-cardiolipin (CL)/β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) antibody. This report further enhances the recognized clinical phenotypes of the neurological complications of APS and the understanding of its pathomechanism.