Validation of the Spanish version of the Side Effect and Life Satisfaction Inventory in patients with epilepsy

ObjectiveThe goal of the study described here was to obtain psychometric validation of the Spanish version of the 38-item Side Effects and Life Satisfaction (SEALS) Inventory.MethodsA cross-cultural adaptation of the inventory was performed. A total of 595 patients with epilepsy were included in a multicenter cross-sectional study. The SEALS Inventory was completed, together with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and SF-12 Health Survey.ResultsThe mean SEALS score was 60.7. SEALS presented high internal consistency, with a Cronbach α coefficient of 0.93, and good test–retest reliability, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.92. The pattern of correlations with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and SF-12 Health Survey indicated good convergent and divergent validity. SEALS scores discriminated patients according to epilepsy-related factors, emotional disturbances, and the generic quality of life.ConclusionThe Spanish version of the SEALS Inventory is a valid psychometric instrument. It may be used in routine clinical practice and in clinical trials in patients with epilepsy to capture the cognitive and behavioral aspects of quality of life.