Traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the superficial temporal artery

Arteriovenous fistula of the scalp is relatively rare. The superficial temporal artery is particularly vulnerable to trauma due to its long and relatively exposed course in the scalp. We report a traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the superficial temporal artery treated by complete surgical excision and review the literature with regard to etiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of these unusual lesions.