Ischemic Stroke Because of Intracranial Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Ischemic stroke in a 12-year-old African-American boy was caused by intracranial fibromuscular dysplasia. Imaging investigations included computed tomography and magnetic resonance angiography, before reaching a definitive diagnosis with a conventional cerebral angiogram. This pediatric case of intracranial fibromuscular dysplasia highlights the need to consider this rare disorder in the differential diagnosis of pediatric stroke and the role of imaging in establishing a diagnosis. The literature of fibromuscular dysplasia is reviewed, and other causes of pediatric stroke are discussed.