Microvascular Decompression Surgery for Vertebral Artery Compression of the Medulla Oblongata: 3 Cases with Respiratory Failure and/or Dysphagia

Although the pathogenic mechanisms of symptomatic vertebral artery compression of MO remain unclear, we should recognize that MVD surgery is effective for selected patients with brainstem dysfunction. The transcondylar fossa approach and the stitched sling retraction technique are appropriate in MVD surgery to relieve vertebral artery compression of MO.