The roles of autophagy and apoptosis in burn wound progression in rats

Understanding the role of cell death in burn wound progression is crucial for giving appropriate diagnoses and designing therapy regimens for burn patients. A well-described and reliable “comb burns model” was employed to evaluate the roles of autophagy and apoptosis in burn wound progression at 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h post-burn in a rat model. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) results showed that autophagy was detectable in hair follicle epithelium at 2 h post-burn, peaked at 12 h post-burn, then declined. Conversely, apoptosis was mainly located in the stratum epidermis and took place at low levels until 6 h post-burn, at which point it slowly increased. Bcl-2 and Bax, which are regulators of both processes, showed protein expression level patterns that were consistent with the IHC results. This study of autophagy in burn wound tissue progression represents a conceptual expansion of cell death in burn wounds. Based on these results, we suggest that different treatments should be performed on a specific post-burn time course depending on the most prevalent type of cell death occurring at that time.