Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma of the Mandible

This report describes a 33-year-old man diagnosed with mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. The patient was referred with a painless, elastic hard mass in the retromolar region. Radiologically, the tumour presented as an expansion of the right mandibular ramus partly extending to the inferior masseter A segmental mandibulectomy was performed during the initial surgery. Histopathologically, the tumour showed well-differentiated hyaline cartilage tissue in the lobules with cartilaginous islands and small cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells reacted positively to clusters of differentiation99 and S-100 protein. The tumour recurred in the right inferior temporal fossa 3 years after the initial surgery. Although radical right maxillectomy and dissection of the inferior temporal fossa were carried out immediately, the patient developed multiple pulmonary metastases after 10 months.