Is auditory function affected after Le Fort I osteotomy?

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes to the Eustachian tube and middle ear function and hearing level in individuals undergoing Le Fort I osteotomy. 20 consecutive patients underwent Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy with advancement, impaction or a combination of both. All individuals underwent hearing sensitivity tests, including pure tone audiometry and acoustic impedance measurements (middle ear pressure and compliance), which were carried out by an audiologist 1 week before surgery (t0), and then again 1 week (t1) and 4 weeks (t2) after surgery. Regarding pure tone audiometry, the differences between t0 and t2 at a frequency of 125 Hz (P = .002), between t0 and t1 and between t0 and t2 at a frequency of 250 Hz, and between t0 and t1 at a frequency of 1000 Hz (P = .006) were statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference at any other frequency. Regarding middle ear pressure, no statistically significant difference was observed between t0 and t1, and t0 and t2. Following Le Fort I osteotomy, mild changes in hearing sensitivity and middle ear pressure are possible, but these changes were clinically insignificant.