Matière et esprit : la théorie du parallélisme moniste psychiatrique

RésuméLa psychopathologie doit compléter ses lacunes grâce aux neurosciences et à la philosophie. Puisque l’état psychique des patients change de façon dynamique, le psychiatre ne peut l’observer qu’à des moments particuliers, qui sont saisis comme autant d’instantanés photographiques, et dont il se sert comme seul matériel diagnostique. C’est dans ce contexte que j’ai proposé, dans le cadre de la théorie du néo-organodynamisme, une nouvelle classification des maladies mentales dans laquelle le changement dynamique de l’état psychique est tout à fait compréhensible. Cet article présente la théorie du parallélisme moniste psychiatrique. Elle montre comment les causes psychogènes non matérielles provoquent des modifications néo-organodynamiques de la substance cérébrale. L’origine de tous les troubles mentaux réside dans la virtualité (monisme). Lorsqu’elle croît en intensité en passant par un événement et que son influence dépasse un seuil, cela ne cause pas de retard dans le cycle de perception et de mouvement au vinculum, donc, le cerveau, la matière, provoque l’excitation anormale du réseau neuronal. Dans l’esprit qui est la non-matière, la matière et l’esprit ne réagissent pas tous les deux directement, car la virtualité dresse des obstacles à la noèse et à la métanoèse. Cependant, matière et esprit s’influencent réciproquement à travers l’intensité (parallélisme) en même temps que le néo-organicisme déclenche le cycle psychopathologique. Nous proposons de nommer cette théorie le parallélisme moniste psychiatrique.

Macroscopic defects of psychopathologists should be compensated by brain science and philosophy. Although the state of mind changes, psychiatrists frame patients’ mind state like snapshots; they make their diagnoses using the patients’ current mind state that they would think as if it was all he had as equipment diagnosis, because it is difficult to grasp the mind's dynamism. I have previously reported a new classification of mental illness using the theory of neo-organodynamism. However, organic and psychiatric degeneration are revealed only after the mind influences the brain. This article proposes the theory of psychiatric monistic parallelism, explaining how the non-material mind causes a neo-organodynamic change in matter. Gilles Deleuze proposed that virtuality (virtualité) would be realized (réalité) when it becomes an eternal object (intensité) through an event. The effect of intensity (intensité) on the noetic aspect is considered; the difference of intensity is not one of numerical multiplicity, but of qualitative multiplicity, produced by duration (i.e. intensity is duration). Intensity changes with fluctuations in qualitative multiplicity. If qualitative multiplicity does not reach a certain level (D), intensity would have no effect on the noetic aspect. If qualitative multiplicity exceeds D, the noetic aspect would fail with intensity. A difference in D may affect the noetic aspect. If one's qualitative multiplicity reaches D easily, individual mental vulnerability is declared. We first take the case with no impediment to the noetic aspect. Virtuality becomes intensity through an event at the contact point S (the vinculum between the noematic and noetic aspects). This intensity causes a delay in the cycle of perception and motion (Gestaltkreis) and becomes the intention of saying (vouloir-dire) at the noetic aspect. Simultaneously, the field of consciousness (actualité) is constructed at the noematic aspect through S and is fixed as the reality (réalité). Once a neuron network is constructed, the cycle of perception and motion (Gestaltkreis) is not delayed. Acting unconsciously for the repeated event is then possible. We next consider a failure of the noetic aspect. Virtuality becomes intensity and influences the noetic spect by exceeding a threshold, which becomes a noetic and metanoetic trouble. The delay in the Gestaltkreis would not occur at the vinculum and vouloir-dire would not occur. This leads to abnormal firings in the neural network on the noematic aspect, and the psychopathological cycle will begin to revolve according to the theory of neo-organodynamism. We also examine the mechanism of consciousness generation. The mind can be divided into two fields: where the self exists (consciousness) and where the self is absent (unconsciousness). Unconsciousness is controlled directly by the mind; the self and the world are completely united. Spontaneous symmetry is upheld in this field. However, when unconsciousness is limited by an event, spontaneous symmetry is broken, leading to a difference in intensity. This is the origin of consciousness. The collapse of spontaneous symmetry hinders the movement of an elementary particle with no mass; a Higgs boson would provide mass for the elementary particle. Thus, intensity generates consciousness from unconsciousness. Virtuality is the foundation of all mental disorders (monism) and becomes intensity through event. If its effects exceed the threshold, it would not delay the Gestaltkreis at S. Abnormal firing in the neural network occurs at the tangible (matter) end; metanoesis and noesis are impaired at the intangible end (mind). Hence, matter and mind do not interact directly but influence each other through « intensité » (parallelism), and the psychopathological cycle begins to revolve according to the theory of neo-organodynamism. I term this concept “psychiatric monistic parallelism”.