Histomorphometric Study of the Root Apex of Mandibular Premolar Teeth: An Attempt to Correlate Working Length Measured with Electronic and Radiograph Methods to Various Anatomic Positions in the Apical Portion of the Canal

One aim of this study was to attempt to relate the position of the cementodentinal junction (CDJ) and the apical constriction to that of the apical foramen in mandibular premolars, as well as to measure the canal diameter at these various points. Another aim was to evaluate how electronic working length determination by Root ZX and radiographic method of working length determination correlated to the location of these various positions. The results showed that CDJ was detected at average distance of 0.3 mm from apical foramen with average canal diameter of 0.32 mm, whereas the apical constriction was detected at average distance from apical foramen of 1.2 mm with canal diameter of 0.22 mm. There was a statistically significant difference between file-tip position from apical foramen in group I working length measured by Root ZX and group II working length measured radiographically. Also this significant difference was found between file-tip position in both groups and CDJ and apical constriction. The average canal diameter at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mm from apical foramen was 0.33 ± 0.11, 0.28 ± 0.06, and 25 ± 0.05 mm, respectively.