A role for phosphoinositol 3–kinase δ in the impairment of glucocorticoid responsiveness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BackgroundGlucocorticoid function is markedly impaired in the lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This reduction in glucocorticoid sensitivity might be due to an oxidant-mediated increase in phosphoinositol 3–kinase (PI3K) δ signaling.ObjectiveWe sought to determine the role of PI3Kδ in the reduced glucocorticoid responsiveness in patients with COPD.MethodsPeripheral lung tissue was obtained from 24 patients with COPD, 20 age-matched smokers with normal lung function, and 13 nonsmokers. Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from 9 patients with COPD and 7 age-matched smokers with normal lung function and from healthy volunteers.ResultsThe expressions of PI3Kδ and Akt phosphorylation were increased in macrophages from patients with COPD compared with those from control groups of age-matched smokers and nonsmokers. In vitro oxidative stress induced phosphorylation of Akt in monocytes and macrophages, which was abolished by means of selective inhibition of PI3Kδ but not PI3Kγ. Dexamethasone was less effective at repressing LPS-induced GM-CSF and CXC motif chemokine 8 release in blood monocytes from patients with COPD compared with age-matched smokers. This reduced sensitivity was reversed by inhibition of PI3Kδ but not PI3Kγ.ConclusionPI3Kδ expression and signaling is increased in the lungs of patients with COPD. Selective inhibition of PI3Kδ might restore glucocorticoid function in patients with COPD and might therefore present a potential therapeutic target.