Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Pediatric Trauma

The objective of this article is to review the use of computed tomography (CT) for the purpose of injury evaluation in pediatric trauma patients. The relative risk of radiation-induced cancer mortality is discussed. Evidence-based indications for obtaining CT and optimization of CT scanner protocols are provided. CT use specific to pediatric trauma is discussed for the following anatomic regions: thorax, abdomen, head, spine, vascular, and musculoskeletal. Limiting unnecessary CT use by understanding when and how to order an appropriate scan in order to adequately diagnose and treat a specific injury is the most practical way for clinicians to help reduce patients’ risk of radiation.