Idiopathic Infant Pyocele: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

BackgroundPyocele is a rare emergent urologic condition that requires rapid recognition and treatment to prevent testicular loss. Cases of pediatric pyocele have not been previously reported in the emergency medicine literature.Case ReportWe describe a case of a 6-week-old male who presented to the emergency department for a sepsis evaluation. The patient displayed subtle scrotal findings but had an otherwise benign physical examination. Subsequent sonographic imaging suggested a possible scrotal abscess and surgical exploration revealed a pyocele. A literature review of previously reported cases of patients with pyocele is also presented.Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This?A pyocele is a rare cause of both an acute scrotum and neonatal fever. It is important for emergency physicians to consider this entity when evaluating pediatric patients with fever, particularly those with symptoms related to the scrotum.