| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3256897 | Clinical Immunology | 2013 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
•MS is more common in females than males.•The rate of MS appears to be increasing in females compared to males.•There are maternal effects on MS risk.•Maternal effects can also influence HLA allele transmission.
Multiple sclerosis (MS), a putative autoimmune disease, has a well documented female preponderance among patients. However, this is not the only sex effect observed in the disease. Unaffected mothers appear to be at a higher risk to transmit susceptibility (genetic, environmental or interactions thereof) compared to unaffected fathers. This maternal effect can range from intrauterine exposures to transmission of genotypes and epigenetics.
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Authors
A. Dessa Sadovnick,