Toward defining grade C pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy: incidence, risk factors, management and outcome

Grade C PF: (i) accounts for 15% of fistulae following PD and has an associated mortality rate of 35%; (ii) occurs most commonly in pathology associated with a soft remnant, and (iii) requires reoperation in approximately one half of patients. The published literature incompletely describes grade C PF.