Les complications de la cœliochirurgie dans le service de gynécologie A de l'hôpital général de Yaoundé, Cameroun

The aim of the study was to describe the morbidity and mortality of gynaecological laparoscopy in a pilot center of Cameroon. It was a monocentric retrospective study over a period of seven years. All files of patients who had laparoscopic surgery in the service were reviewed. Files with incomplete information were excluded. Complications were defined as an event that had modified the usual cause of the procedure or of the postoperative period. They were classified as surgical complications (during insertion of Veress needle and trocarts, intraoperative and postoperative complications) also reorganised as major and minor complications and anaesthetic complications. The rate of laparoconconversion was noted. The data of 609 patients was gathered and examined. Their mean age was 31.57 (19-63 years). The mean parity and gestity was 0.77 and 1.82, respectively. The common findings in their past history were sexually transmitted infection (39.9%), criminal abortions (35.03%) and previous surgery (39.1%). Infertility was the main indication of the surgery (76.3%) followed by postmyomectomy adhesiolysis (15%). The main operative findings were adhesions (78.16%). The mortality rate is 0.16%. The surgical morbidity rate is 2.46% with 0.99% of complications during insertion of Veress needle and trocarts and 1.48% during surgery. Among these complications, 1.8% were minor complications and 0.66%, major ones. Five patients had complications due to anaesthesia (0.82%). Postoperative complications (8.3%) were of low gravity and were mainly digestive, infectious and moderate vaginal bleeding. The rate of laparoconversion was 2.46%, mainly due to difficulties during surgery. This study shows that operative gynaecologic laparoscopy is associated with acceptable mortality and morbidity rate in our milieu.