La prise en charge hygiéno-diététique du diabète de type 2 : première étape de l'itinéraire

Lifestyle interventions designed to impact on food intake, and physical activity levels, are the first line treatments of type 2 diabetes because they act on the main mechanisms involved in the parthogenesis of the disease. Both dietary advices and promotion of physical activity contribute to differ pharmacotherapy at diagnosis in motivated patients. Contrarily to antihyperglycemic agents these evidence-based treatments have beneficial effects on both glucose control and cardiovascular morbi-mortality. They improve insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, and postprandial hyperglycemia. Dietary measures are particularly appropriate for initiating weight losses in patients with type 2 diabetes, who are frequently overweight or obese. Due attention should be given to physical activity that has a specific impact on visceral adiposity. These treatments will result in a HbA1c reduction by -0,6%. They have to be maintained on the long term irrespective of the other treatment procedures.