Acides gras, insulinorésistance, syndrome métabolique et diabète de type 2

The type of fatty acids may modulate the risk of development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D) or metabolic syndrome. An excess of saturated fatty acids is positively related to insulin resistance and risk of T2D, whereas long chain n-3 fatty acids are protective. Saturation of membrane muscle phospholipids is positively related to the risk of insulin resistance and T2D. No effect of any type of fatty acids has been demonstrated to improve glycemic control or insulin resistance in T2D patients. Monounsaturated fatty acids reduce plasma triglycerides, postprandial lipemia and markers of inflammation.