Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) enhances distress tolerance and resilience through changes in mindfulness

Distress tolerance (DT) is associated with psychological health and has been shown to be predicted by mindfulness. Resilience, another protective capacity in the face of stress, is related to positive psychological outcomes, such as preventing development of PTSD. The current longitudinal online-study investigated whether Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) can lead to an increase in DT and resilience, and whether these effects are mediated by facets of mindfulness. Forty nine participants were assessed, N=20 of these were studied before and after MBSR training, and compared to a matched control group of N=29. Changes in mindfulness were assessed using the Comprehensive Inventory of Mindfulness Experience (CHIME). In line with hypotheses, MBSR enhanced self-reported mindfulness, DT, and resilience. Results are consistent with assuming a mediation of these effects by the acceptance, decentering, and relativity facets of mindfulness.. Results indicate that MBSR might not only ameliorate existing psychopathologies, but may also serve as a preventative method to allow a more adaptive response to future stress.