Endoscopic management of duodenal diverticular bleeding

BackgroundAlthough the presence of a duodenal diverticulum is usually asymptomatic, bleeding in this tissue is sometimes difficult to diagnose and treat.ObjectiveTo investigate the strategy for treatment, we reviewed the clinical data of patients diagnosed and treated for duodenal diverticular bleeding.DesignRetrospective case series.SettingSingle tertiary-referral center.PatientsSeven consecutive patients with bleeding from a duodenal diverticulum (mean age, 73.7 ± 3.4 years old).InterventionsThe clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings, and treatment strategy for duodenal diverticular bleeding.Main Outcome MeasurementsAll 7 patients achieved hemostasis. Six of 7 patients were treated endoscopically. There were no complications with endoscopic treatment.ResultsThree patients bled from diverticula located at the second portion of the duodenum, and 4 patients bled from that located at the third portion. In 6 of 7 patients, lesions were identified and treated endoscopically with hemoclips, hypertonic saline solution and epinephrine (HSE), and/or 1% polidocanol injection. In 1 case, the lesion could not be detected during the first endoscopic examination, and the patient, therefore, was treated with transarterial embolization followed by surgical resection.LimitationsThis preliminary case series described the feasibility of the endoscopic treatment. However, optimal management, including angiography and/or surgery, should be individualized to the patients, location, and type of hemorrhage.ConclusionsBleeding from a duodenal diverticulum should be considered in the case of upper-GI bleeding of unknown origin. An endoscopy may be an effective alternative to surgery in the management of a bleeding duodenal diverticulum.