Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are ubiquitous and remain a common colorectal complaint, causing pain, bleeding, and prolapse. Treatment choices range from lifestyle management to office-based procedures to surgical interventions. This article discusses the contributions to the colorectal literature because the publication of practice standards in 2005 and treatment approaches, including excisional hemorhoidectomy with energy devices, Doppler-guided arterial ligation and stapled hemorrhoidectomy. New data on pain treatments, including flavonoids and sphincter relaxation, are also reviewed.