Endoscopic management of strictures in pediatrics

Enteric strictures are an uncommon problem in children and mostly from benign underlying disorders or after surgery. The available data on endoscopic management of strictures in children are focused on disorders affecting the esophagus, a major site for stricture formation. Commonly available equipment and techniques for adult patients can be applied in children, although there are technical challenges when using these instruments in small children. Currently used techniques include bougienage, balloon dilation, and covered self-expanding stents. No specific technique is applicable for all cases or situations; therefore, there is no clearly preferred method in many instances. Factors such as the nature and characteristics of the stricture, availability of equipment, training and expertise, and patient size and tolerance are factors that will determine the approach to the patient.