Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis during temozolomide treatment for high-grade gliomas

High-grade glioma patients receiving concomitant chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide 75 mg/m2 during six to seven weeks or dose-dense temozolomide regimens especially in combination with chronic use of corticosteroids have a high risk for developing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. In this review, we define risk groups and propose a guideline for prophylaxis using risk stratification.