Leukapheresis in management hyperleucocytosis induced complications in two pediatric patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia

Complications caused by elevated white blood cell count in pediatric patients with CML could be a presenting feature of the disease. Here, we present two adolescents, aged 16 and 17 years, who were admitted for investigation of extremely elevated leukocytes and complications of leucostasis. Initial manifestations were priapism and blurred vision, respectively. Diagnosis of chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia is established, and conventional measures for leucoreduction began. However, since there were no improvements, a leukapheresis procedure was initiated. After undergoing 3 daily procedures the leukocyte count declined for each patient, with resolution of pripaism and ophtalmological disturbances. Leukapheresis is safe and effective therapeutic option for patients with complications of hyperleucocytosis. If started in a timely manner, permanent organ damage or death could be avoided.