Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia at thirty-eight months after kidney transplantation

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is an infection observed in immunocompromised patients. The risk of infection depends on the intensity and duration of immunosuppression and underlying immune deficits. Prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prevents opportunistic infections due to Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii; in addition to preventing community acquired respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tract infections. The usual presentation of P. carinii is during the first three to six months after transplantation at the peak of immunosuppressive therapy. We describe a case of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in a renal transplant recipient 38 months after renal transplantation.