The accuracy of the Xpert®MTB/RIF assay for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults: Summary of the evidence and implications for public health programmes

This review demonstrates that Xpert® is accurate in diagnosing pulmonary TB as well as detecting rifampicin resistance. None of the studies were done in the primary health care setting where the public health benefits are likely to be maximum. The studies used the older generations of Xpert®. It is that the performance of current Xpert G4, will be different. Caution has to be exercised in interpreting the results of rifampicin resistance, as this is influenced by baseline risk of MDR TB in that community & patient's individual risk. Cost will have a bearing on adoption of this test into control programmes.