Environmental risk factors for asthma in Lucknow: A case-control study

On analyzing age group ≤ 15 years, we observed association of motor vehicle air pollution [Odds ratio (OR) = 2.7; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.4-5.3; P value = 0.003], industrial smoke [OR = 2.9; 95%CI = 1.3-6.9; P = 0.013], and exposure to ETS [OR = 6.6; 95%CI = 4.1-10.7; P < 0.001] with asthma as compared to controls. On analyzing age group > 15 years, we also observed an association of factors motor vehicle air pollution [OR = 1.6; 95%CI = 1.1-2.6; P = 0.029], industrial smoke [OR = 2.7; 95%CI = 1.2-5.8; P = 0.012], current smoking [OR = 2.6; 95%CI = 1.7-3.8; P < 0.001] and passive smoking [OR = 2.4; 95%CI = 1.6-3.6; P < 0.001] to be associated with asthma. For severity association we did “case only” analysis and observed only factor “hospitalization of asthma” to be statistically significantly associated with the severity of disease (P < 0.05).