Salmonella : une bactérie multi-résistante aux antibiotiques dans nos assiettes

Salmonella enterica is a major cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide. A recent study estimated that it causes 93.8 million human cases of gastroenteritis and 155,000 deaths annually worldwide. Depending on host and serotype, salmonellosis presents various clinical aspects manifesting itself in asymptomatic carriage, gastroenteritis (mainly) or septicemia for the weakest patients. The French surveillance system for Salmonella is based on a national system for human cases, for the main animal reservoirs (agri-food and veterinary sectors) and environment. These passive and active systems produce time series, are very useful for detecting emerging or unusual events and for early warning of outbreaks that should be used to assess the impact of interventions and adapt them. Since the 1990s, an increased occurrence of resistance to antibiotics in Salmonella has been reported, in particular to the most active ones. They can cause international epidemics outlining a worrying progression towards potentially untreatable Salmonella infections or associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The objective here is to make an update of the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in clinical non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates.