Development of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of H9 avian influenza virus

Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) is a unique gene amplification method that can be completed within 45 min at 63 °C. In this study, RT-LAMP was used to develop a rapid and sensitive laboratory diagnostic system for the H9 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV). The experiment results from the reference strains demonstrated that the established RT-LAMP sensitivity was 10-fold higher than that of RT-PCR, with the detection limit of 10 copies per reaction, and no cross-reactivity was observed from the samples of other related viruses including H5N1, H3N2 subtype of AIV and Newcastle disease virus. Furthermore, a total of 112 clinical samples were tested by RT-LAMP, RT-PCR, and virus isolation, respectively. All of the 85 positive specimens identified by virus isolation were also positive by RT-LAMP, while 7 of these samples were missed by RT-PCR. These results suggest that the present RT-LAMP system may provide a new avenue for the recognition of H9 subtype virus, and may be employed to screen for potential carriers in wild and domestic birds.