Les salmonelloses chez l'enfant au CHU Tokoin de Lomé (Togo)

Salmonellosis accounted for 0.36% of all hospitalizations. The mean age of patients was 5.86 plus or minus 4.06 years, significantly higher in patients with S. ser. Typhi (7.14 ± 4.04 years) than in patients with other serotypes (4.95 ± 3.8 years). The clinical presentation was severe in many children (with dehydration (34.8%) and emaciation (55.3%)), so HIV was suspected and investigated in 51 patients (38.6%). Eight patients were HIV positive. Three serotypes of S. enterica were predominant: S. ser. Typhi, 55 cases (41.7%), S. ser. Enteritidis, 32 cases (24.2%), and S. ser. Typhimurium, 19 cases (14.4%). The bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics was good for ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin (100%). But 78.8% of the serotypes were resistant to amoxicillin, 75.4% to chloramphenicol, and 69.4% to cotrimoxazole. The mean duration of hospitalization was 13.7 plus or minus 7.4 days (range 4-34 days). Complications occurred in 15.9% of cases, dominated by digestive bleeding (10.6%), and 6.1% of patients died.