Seasonal and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection during pregnancy: a population-based study of hospitalized cases

We sought to describe characteristics of hospitalized reproductive-aged (15-44 years) women with seasonal (2005/2006 through 2008/2009) and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. We used population-based data from the Emerging Infections Program in 10 US states, and compared characteristics of pregnant (n = 150) and nonpregnant (n = 489) seasonal, and pregnant (n = 489) and nonpregnant (n = 1088) pandemic influenza cases using χ2 and Fisher's exact tests. Pregnant women represented 23.5% and 31.0% of all reproductive-aged women hospitalized for seasonal and pandemic influenza, respectively. Significantly more nonpregnant than pregnant women with seasonal (71.2% vs 36.0%) and pandemic (69.7% vs 31.9%) influenza had an underlying medical condition other than pregnancy. Antiviral treatment was significantly more common with pandemic than seasonal influenza for both pregnant (86.5% vs 24.0%) and nonpregnant (82.0% vs 55.2%) women. Pregnant women comprised a significant proportion of influenza-hospitalized reproductive-aged women, underscoring the importance of influenza vaccination during pregnancy.