Could Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion Be a Platform to Decrease the Incidence of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction?

The number of patients requiring lung transplantation is increasing, with a significant unmet demand for grafts. Ex vivo lung perfusion has been developed to increase graft recruitment. The major complications of lung transplantation include chronic allograft dysfunction (CLAD) whose cumulative incidence ranges from 43–80% within the first 5 years of transplantation. Many risk factors are listed for development of CLAD and almost all of those risk factors would involve activation of Toll-like receptors. This paper represents the author's overview regarding the development of CLAD as a complication of lung transplantation and the possible protective potential of ex vivo lung perfusion in this regard.