Antioxidant and cytotoxic efficacy of chitosan on bladder cancer

ObjectiveThe present study demonstrated the antioxidant and cytotoxic efficacy of chitosan by evaluating cell viability in T24 human bladder cancer cell line and benzidine induced bladder cancer. The chemo preventive effects of the chitosan were evaluated in Swiss albino mice using 16 weeks medium term model of benzidine induced bladder cancer.MethodsTreatment of T24 cells with increasing concentration of chitosan led to a concentration dependent decrease in cell migration by MTT assay. The enzymic and non enzymic antioxidants were measured.ResultsBladder cancer was induced twice weekly through oral incubation of benzidine for 4 weeks. The oral administration of chitosan (100mg KG–1 body wt) showed a significant increase in antioxidant enzymes like Super oxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione reductase (GR), Catalase (CAT) and non-enzymic antioxidants like reduced Glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and vitamin E when compared to benzidine treated groups. The effect is more pronounced in pretreatment regime than in the post treatment regime. The levels of lipid peroxidation were significantly decreased in the chitosan treated regimes.ConclusionsThe present study reveals that chitosan has antioxidant and cytotoxic effects on benzidine induced bladder cancer and T24 human bladder cancer cell line.